Before you start listening to examples, check your headphones are working properly by playing this audio clip.

Sound Check
Gareth Fry

Example - Sound off to one side

 

Example - Directly in front of us VS DIRECTLY BEHIND

Front Back confusion
 

PAGE 13 - VERTICAL RESOLUTION

 

PAGE 15 - THE SPACE IN SPATIAL SOUND

Distance and reverberation
Gareth Fry

If a sound source is close to us in a reverberant space – for instance, someone speaking while standing next to us in a church - we will hear their voice relatively clearly – the sound coming directly from them will be loud, while the reverberant sound will be relatively quiet. We refer to this as a high direct-to-reverberant ratio. We can locate the direction of their voice fairly easily, and that high ratio aids our distance perception, indicating that the sound source is nearby.

If the sound source is further away – for instance, someone speaking at the other end of the church - we will hear comparatively less of the sound coming directly from them because the sound gets quieter over distance, compared to the reverberant sound. This would be called a low direct-to-reverberant ratio. It is harder to identify the exact source of their voice clearly (and ioften harder to understand), as the reflected sounds interact with the direct sound to muddy up the clues we use to identify the location. However, as the direct sound and most of the reflections will be coming from the direction of the sound source, we will get clues about where they are approximately. The low ratio also lets us know that the sound source isn’t close to us.


PAGE 20 - The Cocktail Party Effect WITH BINAURAL UNMASKING


PAGE 21 - The McGurk Effect